Not only do I hate my hair, but the service was also the worst (Not only ... also)

This pattern means "not only... but also..." and is used to add another fact or situation to the first one. It often carries a nuance that the second fact makes the situation even worse or more significant.

Meaning & Usage

Meaning: It connects two related clauses, where the second clause adds more information, often negative, to the first. It's stronger than simply using ~고 (and).

When to use: Use it when you want to stack reasons or facts to strengthen your point, especially in complaints, justifications, or when describing a multifaceted situation. For example, "The restaurant was expensive, and on top of that, it wasn't even tasty." (그 식당은 비쌀뿐더러 맛도 없었어요.)

Conjugation Rules

Rule: The conjugation depends on the ending of the verb or adjective stem.

Verbs/Adjectives ending in a vowel or ㄹ: Attach ~ㄹ뿐더러. (e.g., 예쁘다 → 예쁠뿐더러, 멀다 → 멀뿐더러)

Verbs/Adjectives ending in a consonant: Attach ~을뿐더러. (e.g., 좋다 → 좋을뿐더러, 작다 → 작을뿐더러)

Nouns: Use 일뿐더러 for nouns. (e.g., 학생이다 → 학생일뿐더러)

Vowel/ㄹ: ~ㄹ뿐더러 / Consonant: ~을뿐더러 / Noun: ~일뿐더러

While ~(으)ㄹ뿐더러 adds information, it has a specific nuance that differs from other connecting grammar patterns.

~(으)ㄹ뿐더러 vs. ~고

Context: ~고 is a neutral connector for "and." It simply lists two facts without implying one is worse or more important. ~(으)ㄹ뿐더러 adds emphasis, suggesting the second fact is an additional, often negative, layer.

Example: '날씨가 춥고 바람이 불어요.' (The weather is cold and the wind is blowing. - Neutral fact). vs. '날씨가 추울뿐더러 바람도 많이 불어요.' (Not only is it cold, but the wind is also blowing hard. - Emphasizes the bad conditions).

~(으)ㄹ뿐더러 vs. ~(으)ㄴ/는데다가

Context: ~(으)ㄴ/는데다가 is very similar to ~(으)ㄹ뿐더러 and often interchangeable. However, ~(으)ㄴ/는데다가 can be used for both positive and negative situations. ~(으)ㄹ뿐더러 is almost exclusively used to add a negative or problematic fact to another negative one.

~(으)ㄹ뿐더러: Adds a negative fact / ~(으)ㄴ/는데다가: Adds a positive or negative fact

~(이)라든가 is a useful pattern for giving examples, but it's important to use it in the right context to sound natural.

Listing Examples with Nuance

Context: Use ~(이)라든가 to list one or two representative examples of a larger category. It implies "things like..." or "such as..." and suggests the list is not exhaustive. It often carries a slight tone of complaint, indifference, or generalization. Don't use it for a complete, formal list.

Example: '주말에는 영화라든가 쇼핑을 하면서 시간을 보내요.' (On weekends, I spend time doing things like watching movies or shopping.) This sounds more natural than listing every single hobby.

Common Mistake: Overusing with Positive/Specific Items

Context: Avoid using ~(이)라든가 when you want to list specific, positive things with enthusiasm. In those cases, using ~하고 or ~랑 is more natural. Using ~(이)라든가 can make you sound dismissive. For example, saying '선물로 책이라든가 꽃을 받았어요' (I received gifts like books or flowers) can sound like you weren't particularly impressed. '책하고 꽃을 받았어요' (I received books and flowers) is a more neutral and positive statement.

Do: 불만 사항으로 가격이라든가 서비스를 언급했어요. (O) / Don't: 제 장점은 성실함이라든가 꼼꼼함입니다. (X)

The grammar pattern ~(으)ㄹ뿐더러 is frequently paired with the particle ~도 in the second clause to emphasize the additive nature of the statement.

Emphasizing "Also"

The particle ~도 (also, too) reinforces that the second fact is an additional problem or point on top of the first one.

This combination creates a stronger sense of "not only A, but also B."

Common Structure

The typical structure is [Clause 1]-(으)ㄹ뿐더러 [Noun]-도 [Clause 2].

This highlights that in addition to the first issue, there is also a second one, making the overall situation worse.

색이 이상할뿐더러 길이도 너무 짧게 잘랐어. / 직원이 불친절했을뿐더러 설명도 부족했습니다.

When a friend tells you about a negative experience, like a bad haircut, it's important to show you understand and sympathize with their feelings.

Acknowledging Their Feelings

Use 속상하겠다 to say "You must be upset." The ~겠다 ending shows you are guessing or assuming their feelings based on the situation.

You can add adverbs like 진짜 (really) or 정말 (truly) to add emphasis, as Sora does: 진짜 속상하겠다.

Offering Practical Support

After showing sympathy, you can ask questions or offer suggestions.

For example, Sora asks for details (자세히 좀 봐봐.) and suggests a course of action (환불이라도 받아야 하는 거 아니야?). This shows you are actively listening and care.

진짜 속상하겠다. / 환불이라도 받아야 하는 거 아니야?