Not only but also

This pattern is used to add a second, related piece of information to the first, equivalent to "not only... but also..." in English. It emphasizes that two conditions or facts exist simultaneously.

Formation

Verbs/Adjectives ending in a vowel or ㄹ: Attach -ㄹ 뿐더러.

예쁘다 → 예쁠 뿐더러

멀다 → 멀 뿐더러

Verbs/Adjectives ending in a consonant: Attach -을 뿐더러.

좋다 → 좋을 뿐더러

없다 → 없을 뿐더러

Past Tense: Add -았/었- before the pattern.

늦다 → 늦었을 뿐더러

오다 → 왔을 뿐더러

Usage

This pattern connects two clauses. The information in both clauses is usually of the same nature—either both positive or both negative. The particle 도 (also, too) is frequently added to the noun in the second clause for extra emphasis.

비쌀뿐더러 맛도 없어. / 착할뿐더러 예뻐. / 늦었을뿐더러 숙제도 안 했어. / 돈도 없을뿐더러 시간도 없어.

A very similar pattern is -(으)ㄴ/는 데다가, which also means "in addition to" or "on top of that."

Interchangeability

In many cases, -(으)ㄹ 뿐더러 and -(으)ㄴ/는 데다가 can be used interchangeably, especially when listing two related facts.

Using 뿐더러: 길이 막힐뿐더러 사고도 났어요. (Not only was the road blocked, but there was also an accident.)

Using 데다가: 길이 막히는 데다가 사고도 났어요. (On top of the road being blocked, there was also an accident.)

Nuance

-(으)ㄹ 뿐더러: This can sound slightly more literary or formal. It strongly implies that the two connected facts are of a similar category (e.g., two problems, two benefits).

-(으)ㄴ/는 데다가: This is very common in everyday conversation and feels a bit more spoken. While it also usually connects related ideas, it can sometimes be used more broadly just to add any piece of information.

디자인이 좋을뿐더러 성능도 좋아. / 돈을 잃어버렸을뿐더러 핸드폰도 고장 났어. / 눈이 왔을뿐더러 바람도 불었어.

The pattern -(으)ㄹ 뿐더러 itself does not change based on politeness. The formality of the entire sentence is determined by the final verb ending.

Casual Language (반말)

Use casual endings like -아/어 for speaking with close friends, family, or those younger than you.

못생겼을뿐더러 성격도 나빠. (Not only ugly, but has a bad personality too.)

Polite Language (해요체)

Use polite endings like -아요/어요 for most everyday situations. This is the standard polite form.

못생겼을뿐더러 성격도 나빠요. (Not only ugly, but has a bad personality too.)

Notice how only the final verb changes, not the 뿐더러 part.

추울뿐더러 비도 와. / 추울뿐더러 비도 와요. / 노래를 잘할뿐더러 춤도 잘 춰. / 노래를 잘할뿐더러 춤도 잘 춰요.