The Two-Step Environment
A chain change is a sequence in which one local change creates the environment for another. In the target words a final consonant is followed by initial ㄹ . In these established standard forms the ㄹ is realized as ㄴ .
Stage order
Stage 1: Predict ㄹ as ㄴ .
Stage 2: Check the earlier final consonant. When it is an obstruent such as ㄱ , ㄷ , or ㅂ , the final sound typically nasalizes before the new ㄴ .
One word can sound as if it changed twice. Keep the normal spelling and track the two stages in order.
Verified Spelling and Sound Table
Use the bracketed forms as pronunciation support, not alternate spellings.
Table reading
Spelling · Stage 1 · Final Sound · Why
독립 · [독닙] · [동닙] · ㄹ is realized as ㄴ; the preceding ㄱ nasalizes before ㄴ.
국립 · [국닙] · [궁닙] · ㄹ is realized as ㄴ; the preceding ㄱ nasalizes before ㄴ.
협력 · [협녁] · [혐녁] · ㄹ is realized as ㄴ; the preceding ㅂ nasalizes before ㄴ.
백로 · [백노] · [뱅노] · ㄹ is realized as ㄴ; the preceding ㄱ nasalizes before ㄴ.
심리 · [심니] · [심니] · ㄹ is realized as ㄴ; the preceding ㅁ is already nasal.
합리 · [합니] · [함니] · ㄹ is realized as ㄴ; the preceding ㅂ nasalizes before ㄴ.
The bracketed forms are pronunciation guides. They do not replace the normal spellings.
Complete Sentence Applications
Keep the normal spelling in view and listen for the chain inside a complete line.
Everyday examples
독립기념관에 가요. The target word is heard with [동닙].
국립 도서관에서 책을 빌려요. The target word is heard with [궁닙].
두 팀이 협력해서 문제를 풀어요. 협력 is heard with [혐녁].
백로가 강가에 서 있어요. 백로 is heard with [뱅노].
심리 상담을 예약했어요. 심리 is heard with [심니].
합리적인 방법을 찾아요. 합리적인 begins with the [함니] sound.