Core Pattern Rule: -도록 하다
The pattern -도록 하다 is used to give a command, instruction, or strong advice. It translates to "make sure to..." or "see to it that...". It's often used by someone in a position to guide another's actions, such as a parent, teacher, doctor, or manager.
Formation
Attach -도록 하다 directly to the stem of an action verb, regardless of whether it ends in a vowel or a consonant.
하다 (to do): 하 + 도록 하다 → 하도록 하다
먹다 (to eat): 먹 + 도록 하다 → 먹도록 하다
For negative commands ("make sure not to..."), use the -지 않다 form before adding the pattern:
잊다 (to forget): 잊 + 지 않다 → 잊지 않 + 도록 하다 → 잊지 않도록 하다
Usage
This pattern is a directive that focuses on achieving a certain result or state. It's a bit softer and more indirect than a sharp command like -(으)세요 or -아/어라.
내일까진 하도록 해. / 조심하도록 하세요. / 까먹지 않도록 해. / 무리하지 않도록 하세요.
Synonyms & Differences
-도록 하다 is one of several ways to give instructions in Korean. Its nuance becomes clearer when compared to other forms.
vs. -(으)세요 (Direct Command)
-(으)세요 is the most common way to give a polite command. It's direct and clear. -도록 하세요 is slightly more indirect and can sound a bit more formal or instructional, as if guiding someone toward a goal.
Direct: 조심하세요. (Be careful.)
Instructional: 조심하도록 하세요. (Make sure to be careful.)
In many contexts, they are interchangeable, but -도록 하다 carries an extra sense of ensuring an outcome.
vs. -는 게 좋다 (Suggestion)
-는 게 좋다 means "it's a good idea to..." or "you should...". It is a soft suggestion, not a command. -도록 하다 is much stronger and is a clear directive.
Suggestion: 일찍 오는 게 좋아요. (It's good to come early.)
Directive: 일찍 오도록 하세요. (Make sure to come early.)
다음부터는 주의하도록 하세요. / 프리젠테이션을 준비하도록 해. / 약속 지키도록 하세요.